14 Demandas Comun
Demanda Des-un: Esce yoga es un pratica indu?
R: Profonda radisida en scrivedas santa e la crede indu, yoga es, e ia es sempre, un parte esensal de la relijio e cultur indu. Oji lo es forte bonvenida par deses de miliones de nonindus ci xerca sua beneficas famosa per sania fisical, mental e spirital.
A: Deeply rooted in Hindu scripture and belief, yoga is, and always was, a vital part of Hindu religion and culture. Today it is embraced by tens of millions of non-Hindus seeking its renowned benefits to physical, mental and spiritual health.
Responde plu longa: A anios resente un debate enerjiosa ia leva sur esce yoga es esensal un pratica indu o un siensa universal. La parola yoga ia cambia cuando la pratica ia move a ueste. Sua sinifia orijinal, “uni con Dio,” ia es sustituida con la defini plu secular, presentada tra la mundo par multe de studios de yoga cual ensenia un colie de asanas con fundales de respira e un pico de medita. Un anunsia tipal de un studio foca sur fisicalia, declarante ce “yoga crese la sirculi de sangue rica de osijen, nurinte e desveneninte la organos interna, sistem musculal, cardiovascular, imunial, endocrinal, dijestal, reproduial e nerval.” Mera en la Statos Unida on ave plu ca 20 milion praticores e on ave sentos de miliones tra la mundo.
Longer answer: In recent years a vigorous debate has arisen as to whether yoga is intrinsically a Hindu practice or a universal science. The word yoga has changed as the practice moved west. Its original meaning, “union with God,” has been replaced with the more secular definition presented by upscale yoga studios around the world that teach a regimen of asanas along with basic breathing and a little meditation. A typical studio ad focuses on the physicality, stating that “yoga increases the circulation of oxygen-rich blood, nourishing and detoxifying the internal organs, musculature, cardiovascular, immune, endocrine, digestive, reproductive and nervous systems.” The United States alone has over 20 million practitioners, and there are hundreds of millions worldwide.
B.K.S. Iyengar, un ensenior famosa de yoga, dona un defini plu tradisional a sua loca web: “Yoga es un de la ses sistemes de filosofia barati. La parola yoga orijina de la radis sanscrito yuj, cual sinifia ‘uni.’ A la plana spirital, lo sinifia uni de Se Individua con Se Universal.”
B.K.S. Iyengar, a renowned yoga teacher, gives a more traditional definition on his website: “Yoga is one of the six systems of Indian philosophy. The word yoga originates from the Sanskrit root yuj, which means ‘union.’ On the spiritual plane, it means union of the Individual Self with the Universal Self.”
Esplica detaliosa: La terma yoga refere en fato a un colie grande de praticas indu; donce lo importa ce on spesifa cual tipo de yoga es discuteda. En parla moderna comun, yoga refere tipal a hatha yoga — la pratica de posas yogal, o asanas, trovada en scrivedas santa antica de induisme. Hatha yoga ia es sempre eserseda par indus en un prepara per medita; oji, spesial a la Ueste, sua beneficas de sania sustitui los de spiritalia. Hatha yoga es sola un de la fasetas de un corpo plu larga de la sabe e pratica, conoseda como ashtanga yoga, cual es composada de oto pasos. (Ashta sinifia oto; anga sinifia membro). La Yoga-Sutras famosa de Saja Patanjali, ci ia vive a sirca 200 aec, es regardada como la presenta sistemosa prima de la tradision antica de yoga.
Elaboration: The term yoga actually refers to a wide range of Hindu practices; so it is important to specify what kind of yoga is being discussed. In common modern usage, yoga typically refers to hatha yoga—the performance of yoga postures, or asanas, which are drawn from ancient Hindu scriptures. Hatha yoga has always been performed by Hindus as a preparation for meditation; today, especially in the West, its health benefits commonly supersede the spiritual. Hatha yoga is just one facet of a broader body of knowledge and practice known as ashtanga yoga, which consists of eight stages. (Ashta means eight; anga means limb). The famous Yoga Sutras of Sage Patanjali, who lived around 200 bce, is considered the first systematic presentation of the ancient tradition of yoga.
Afin on reconose la valua de la natur spirital e relijial de yoga, on debe sola regarda cada de sua oto membros, o fasetas. La prima es yama, la restrinjes etical; la plu importante de los es ahimsa, nonosisme. La numero du es niyama, obedis relijial spesifada, incluinte pudja (puja) en la santeria de casa de on e repete de mantras. La numero tre es asana, la posas multe praticada de hatha yoga. Tota la sinco membros restante relata a medita: pranayama (controla de respira), pratyahara (retira de sensas), dharana (consentra), dhyana (medita) e samadhi (lumina, o unia con Dio).
To appreciate yoga’s spiritual and religious nature, one need only consider each of its eight limbs, or facets. The first is yama, the ethical restraints; of these, the most important is ahimsa, noninjuriousness. The second is niyama, specific religious observances, including puja in one’s home shrine and repeating mantras. The third is asana, the widely practiced hatha yoga postures. The remaining five limbs are all related to meditation: pranayama (breath control), pratyahara (sense withdrawal), dharana (concentration), dhyana (meditation) and samadhi (illumination, or oneness with God).
Esce persones de otra credes pote benefica de la pratica de yoga — sin perili la credes de sua relijio? Serta, seguores de tradisiones relijial libraliste pote fa lo. An tal, eglesores de tradisiones credal conservaliste ia parla contra la pratica de yoga per sua aderores. Per esemplo, en 2008 la consilio muslim gidante en Malaisia ia fa un proclama proibinte la muslimes de la pais de pratica yoga. La presidente de la consilio Abdul Shukor Husim1 ia esplica: “Nos opina ce yoga, cual orijina en induisme… destrui un crede muslim. On ave otra modos de eserse. Vos pote sicli, nada, etc.”
Can those of other faiths benefit from the practice of yoga—without threatening their religion’s beliefs? Certainly followers of liberal religious traditions can do so. However, clerics of conservative faith traditions have spoken against its practice for their adherents. For example, in 2008 the leading Islamic council in Malaysia issued an edict prohibiting the country’s Muslims from practicing yoga. Council chairman Abdul Shukor Husim explained: “We are of the view that yoga, which originates in Hinduism… destroys a Muslim’s faith. There are other ways to get exercise. You can go cycling, swimming, etc.”
La Onorable Richard Farr, parocior de la Eglesa de San Maria en Henham, England, ia comenta en 2001: “Me aseta ce per alga persones lo es mera un eserse. Ma a multe veses lo es ance un porte a otra spiritalias, incluinte misticisme Este.” La Vatican ia fa multe proclamas sur ativia de yoga. En 1989 lo ia averti ce praticas como zen e yoga pote “dejenera a un culto de la corpo” cual degrada prea cristian.
The Reverend Richard Farr, vicar of Saint Mary’s Church in Henham, England, commented in 2001: “I accept that for some people it is simply an exercise. But it is also often a gateway into other spiritualities, including Eastern mysticism.” The Vatican has issued numerous edicts about the pursuit of yoga. In 1989 it warned that practices like Zen and yoga can “degenerate into a cult of the body” that debases Christian prayer.
A veses, on razona ce yoga no es vera indu; sola la radises es indu. La fato ce multe nonindus fa yoga no pertine a la validia de yoga como un pratica indu. La radises de yoga, sua orijina de scrivedas santa es indu. La tronco de yoga, sua pratica, es indu; e la flor de yoga, uni mistica con Dio, es indu. Yoga, en sua gloria plen, es intera indu. Pratica ma conose la risca!
It is sometimes argued that yoga is not Hindu per se; only the roots are Hindu. The fact that yoga is pursued by many non-Hindus is irrelevant to its validity as a Hindu practice. The roots of yoga, its scriptural origins, are Hindu. The stem of yoga, its practice, is Hindu; and the flower of yoga, mystical union with God, is Hindu. Yoga, in its full glory, is entirely Hindu. Practice at your own risk!