Nicholas Hempshall | Re: [LFN] Past tenses

• Autor: Nicholas Hempshall (“nick_hempshall”)
• Tema: Re: [LFN] Past tenses
• Data: 2005-05-03 18:22
• Mesaje: 1125 (a supra, presedente, seguente)

> > Dise a nos:  Ce es la difere en sinifia en
> > portuges entra la verbo
> > simple e la verbo nonperfeta?
>
> Portuguese has in the Indicative mode, three main
> past tenses:
> Nonperfect past tense:
> It¿s a past but no matter when the action occurred
> in the past or if
> it has ended or not. It¿s not important. The text
> clarify any doubt.
> It¿s the most used form of past in Portuguese.
>
> Past perfect tense:
> The action has been totally endend. It begun and
> ended in the past.
> It may be emphasized using the particle "ja", but is
> only an emphasis.
> Normally used.
>
> Plus past perfect tense:
> The action has occured and ended before the main
> action, both in the
> past. Seldom used.

Maybe this clarifies a little!

The preterite tells what happened, and the imperfect
describes how things were.

Unlike the imperfect, which is used to describe
settings or habitual actions in the past, the
preterite is the tense of choice for describing
events, actions which advance the narrative.
Frequently the two tenses will be used in the same
passage, even in the same sentence. In general, the
preterite recounts distinct events, while the
imperfect describes more static or contextual
elements. In general, the preterite corresponds to the
actions one might tell in a story, while the imperfect
corresponds to decor or background

The preterite tense is often referred to as the
narrative past. It reports discrete, completed past
actions, which may have occurred once or many times
and may have had infinitely short or unimaginably long
duration.

Where the preterite tense is often referred to as the
narrative past, the imperfect tense is often called
the descriptive past. Its focus is on less discrete
units of activity. Rather, the imperfect reports past
repeated actions or things that "used to" happen, and
it describes activities and conditions amid the
passage of time.

pret¿rito perfeito simples
(simple past/present perfect)

Eu falei      I spoke/have spoken

* Me ia parla / Me parla ja

pret¿rito imperfeito
(past imperfect)

Eu falava     I spoke/used to speak/was speaking

* Me ia parla / Me ia es parlante

pret¿rito mais-que-perfeito simples
(past perfect/pluperfect)

Eu falara     I had spoken     = Eu tinha falado

*Me ia parla ja

pret¿rito perfeito composto
(present perfect/present perfect continuous)

Eu tenho falado            I have spoken
Eu tenho estado falando    I have been speaking

*Mi parla ja
*Me ia es parlante ja

pret¿rito mais-que-perfeito composto
(past perfect)

Eu tinha falado      I had spoken     = Eu falara

*Me ia parla ja

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