ocromm | On embedding sentences
- Autor: ocromm
- Tema: On embedding sentences
- Data: 2002-11-28 21:45
- Mesaje: 420 (presedente, seguente)
Alo,
I finally studied the example texts in LFN, and tried to make some rules more explicit, that are not stated in the LFN grammar, mostly about embedded sentences (sentences within sentences). Please comment on whether my generalizations are acceptable, and whether my examples are.
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Example: Considerante ce es esensal promover la developa de relates bonvolente entre nasiones, la asemblea jeneral proclama esta Declara Universal...
Rule: A participle can be used to embed a sentence
Interpretation: The relation between the sentences is unspecific; but there is some relation. The sentence with the participle is not perfective (it doesn't say: that's over now); with a past participle it would be perfective:
"Bevida multe bir, io pasea en una linia con angulas." - I'm not drinking any more now.
Any other ideas to express "zig-zag"? Can I somehow make an adjective from a noun "angled"?
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"es esensal" in the above sentence works like an "attitudinal auxiliary verb", i.e., it takes another verb as complement (without particle). Should we have a list of adjectives that can do this?
And a list of verbs that can do it (besides the ones listed under "auxiliary verbs", which all take "to+inf." in English; e.g. "prometer".)
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"Considerar" takes a sentential complement: "ce+sentence".
In what other cases can this "ce+S" be used? Are the following examples acceptable:
"Ce io parla lingua franca nova es evidente" (sentential subject)
"Io videva ce tu traversava la rua" (sentential object)
Can this be done with all interrogative pronouns:
"Ci io vide es un elefante blanca."
"Tu deside cuanto bir tu bevi."
...
or we don't want these? I think we don't absolutely need them:
"Io vide un elefante blanca"
Maybe we need only "ce" and "si":
"Tu deside si tu bevi mucho o no"
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Example: E cuando la popla partiva a la este, los trovava un plano en la pais de Xinar e vava abitar ala.
"Cuando" is used as a conjunction to build an "adverbial" sentence, meaning "when" (in German it's "als", different from the interr.)
"Per ce" also has this double function ("per ce" is cited in the grammar as conjunction, "cuando" is not.) Then, the same should work for "do":
"Do la jente canta, tu pose reposar. La jente mal no ave cantadas"
Any other interrogatives that could also be a conjunction?
Or maybe we don't want this double function and rather say something like:
"A la tempo/ora(?) ce la popla partiva a la este..."
"A la loca ce ..."
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One more: in the grammar, "Amar alga un es bon" is described as a verb ("amar") used as noun. This is a problematic interpretation, because this 'noun' takes an object ("alga un"). Rather I would call this a (defective) VP complement, just like after auxiliaries: "Tu pote amar alga un".
So I think basically there are two types of complements that can take the place of NPs (DPs): VP (inf+obj) or "ce+S". That is analogous to many European languages.
Justa (junta) ta responde